LITERATURE: Henderson The Rain King – Soul, Bellow-Style

Jeez this is great; what a perfect complement to Augustine’s wondering of soul. 

Henderson and his man, Romilayu find that they’ve been set up with a corpse in their small hut.  After the initial shock and anger, they must decide what to do.

When he came back we squatted down, the two of us, beside the dead man to deliberate and what I felt was not so much fear now as sadness, a regular drawing pain of sadness.  I felt my mouth become very wide with the sorrow of it and the two of us, looking at the body, suffered silently for a while, the dead man in his silence sending a message to me such as, "Here, man, is your being, which you think is so terrific."  And just as silently I replied, "Oh, be quiet, dead man, for Christ’s sake."  (p. 132)

I don’t know how Augustine can top that one for entertainment value.

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REALITY?: Hot-hot-hot!

Lord knows what the temperature of the air is outside.  I waded through it to the mailbox and to my neighbor’s house to set her up for her return from a mini-vacation tonight.

Settled in the house, working on the most outrageous, ridiculous bookkeeping records I’ve ever seen and am purposely not expected to unravel, and reading just a bit.  But I am doing my own thing against environmental and energy waste.  I have the A/C turned down and instead am using lots and lots of ice cream to cool myself off.  It works wonderfully well.  Though not for a prolonged heat wave, as I’m sure I won’t fit through the door after three days of it.

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LITERATURE: Confessions – Setup

While it is not with thought of critique here, for story or narrative style, I can’t help but allow that to enter into the reading despite my best efforts to alone enjoy Augustine for the wisdom and philosophical theory he offers.

Who then are you, my God? What, I ask, but God who is Lord?  For ‘who is the Lord but the Lord’, or ‘who is God but our God?’  Most high, utterly good, utterly powerful, most omnipotent, most merciful and most just, deeply hidden yet intimately present, perfection of both beauty and strength, stable and incomprehensible, immutable and yet changing all things, never new, never old, making everything new and ‘leading’ the proud to be old without their knowledge’; always active, always in repose….etc."  (p. 5)

Augustine is quoting scripture here, and yet by recalling it in this text, he is affirming his belief.  What smarter way to start out this narrative but by buttering up the one who you believe controls your life, or at the very least has the answers you seek.

What a wretch I am!  In your mercies, Lord God, tell me what you are to me.  ‘Say to my soul, I am your salvation’ (Ps. 34:3).  Speak to me so that I may hear.  (p. 5)

And inevitably, the biggie:

What, Lord, do I wish to say except that I do not know whence I came to be in this mortal life or, as I may call it, this living death?  I do not know where I came from.

(…) My infancy is long dead and I am alive.  But you, Lord, live and in you nothing dies.  You are before the beginning of the ages, and prior to everything that can be said to be ‘before.’ (…) In you all irrational and temporal things have the everlasting causes of their life.  Tell me, God, tell your suppliant, in mercy to your poor wretch, tell me whether there was some period of my life, now dead and gone, which preceded my infancy?  Or is this period that which I spent in my mother’s womb?  (p. 7)

Rather boldly, Augustine asks God to explain the mysteries of the soul. He oddly puts the question as to existence prior to birth, rather than the more common wonder of permanence beyond mortal death.

And with such humble piety and great homage of words, do you think he’ll get an answer?

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LITERATURE: Henderson The Rain King – Development of Story

Henderson, waiting to meet with the officials of the village, finds that he’s broken his bridge and this brings recall of his dentist, his past, and a meeting with his grown son.

But a father is a father after all, and I had gone as far as California to try to talk to Edward. (p. 120)

This doesn’t seem to say much, and yet for me it epitomized Henderson’s thinking.  He’s talking about flying from Connecticut to California.  That’s all, 3000 miles.  This is a man who’s been traveling all over the world all his life.  He doesn’t quite get it, that this should not be considered a great accomplishment for a father to do for his son, particularly one in his situation.  He’s reminded us many times throughout the narrative that a) he has loads of money, and b) he doesn’t have a regular job or responsibilities.  Henderson seems apart from reality, such as shown by the advice he gives his son at this time:

"You should become a doctor.  Why don’t you go to medical school?  Please go to medical school, Edward." 
"Why should I?"
"There are lots of good reasons.  I happen to know that you worry about your health.  You take Queen Bee tablets.  Now I know that…"
  (p. 120)

That is just too funny.  It emphasizes that part of Henderson’s feeling of being out of touch with the rest of the world is obviously true, and likely self-imposed.  Bellow then mellows this insight into Henderson’s oddity by this rather heavy philosophical statement he makes just moments later:

"Oh, I am a fighter.  I fight very hard." 
"What do you fight for, Dad?" said Edward. 
"Why," I said, "what do I fight for?  Hell, for the truth.  Yes, that’s it, the truth.  Against falsehood.  But most of the fighting is against myself."
  (p. 121)

He knows, and doesn’t know that he knows, so he knows not.  I love this guy.

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LITERATURE: Confessions and Henderson – Similarities

Though written 1450 years apart, these two books, one an essay of thought and history, one a fictionalized narrative of the same, are very similar in the theme of man seeking self and answers to life and purpose.  How wonderful to have selected these two as concurrent readings!

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LITERATURE: Confessions – Opening thoughts

There is a palpable difference when reading a few pages of Saul Bellow and switching to Augustine.  In both cases we have a first person narrator, and the centuries separating the language is not the only difference in voice that changes the style of the reading.  There’s a slow and deliberate intensity to the reading of Augustine that comes not from the old style writing–and this is a modern translation–but from the context of what is being read.

Do heaven and earth contain you because you have filled them? or do you fill them and overflow them because they do not contain you?  Where do you put the overflow of yourself when heaven and earth are filled?  Or have you, who contain all things, no need to be contained by anything because what you will you fill by containing it?  (p. 4)

Augustine begins his Confessions by questioning the nature of God. This is a good starting point for anyone who studies theology because intellect requires that we question faith.  From introspection and reflection on self it is a natural step to seek answers to existence and creation.

Augustine’s tone, if faithfully translated, suggests a respectful line of questioning that implies a distance that wants to be traversed, a sense of ‘you made me intelligent enough to ask you this, and gave me the blessing to do so.’

Augustine may be exactly what I should be reading right now. 

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CURRENT AFFAIRS: Don’t bring the Aquafina to the Global Warming Rally

Hooray for Mayor Rocky Anderson of Salt Lake City, Utah who refuses to allow bottled water to be sold at any event and offered recyclable cup drawn from 5-gallon jugs.  And applause for the San Francisco restaurant who won’t carry bottled water on their menu.

50,000,000,000 bottles of water per year = how many tons of  plastic added to waste; how much fuel used to truck from supplier to distributor to sales point.

"In addition, the entire process — bottling, packaging and shipping — creates pollution and greenhouse gases.

"It’s ironic that on some of the labels of the bottles, you see snow-capped mountains and glaciers when in fact the production of the bottle is contributing to global warming, which is melting those snowcaps and those glaciers," said Allen Hershkowitz at the Natural Resources Defense Council."

This is WATER, folks.  A label on a plastic bottle doesn’t make it better.

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LITERATURE: Henderson The Rain King – Conflict and Humor

This novel follows the format: the protagonist wants something badly and it matters what he’ll go through to get it.  While we’re still not completely sure what that something is exactly, we follow Henderson as he guesses that he can find it with this adventure through Africa.  He senses that if he can save the Arnewi tribe from the frogs that had taken over their water cistern hence preventing them from allowing their cattle to drink it, he would have saved himself as well.  He fashions a bomb from black powder and a flashlight case, planning to blow the frogs out of the water.
I had gotten more of a result than I could have known in the first instants, and instead of an answering cry I heard shrieks from the natives, and looking to see what was the matter I found that the dead frogs were pouring out of the cistern together with the water.  The explosion had blasted out the retaining wall at the front end.  The big stone blocks had fallen and the yellow reservoir was emptying fast.  "Oh!  Hell!" I grabbed my head, immediately dizzy with the nausea of disaster, seeing the water spill like a regular mill race with the remains of those frogs.  "Hurry, hurry!" I started to yell.  "Romilayu!  Itelo!  Oh, Judas priest, what’s happening!  Give a hand. Help, you guys, help!"  I threw myself down against the escaping water and tried to breast it back and lift the stones into place.  The frogs charged into me like so many prunes and fell into my pants and into the open shoe, the lace gone.  The cattle started to riot, pulling at their tethers and straining toward the water.  But it was polluted and nobody would allow them to drink. (p. 107)
Henderson, instead of cleaning it up, has blown up the tribe’s water supply.  The building up of this plan, of it being the salvation for others as well as Henderson himself has just, in a flash and boom has completely backfired.  We recall now his feelings of how, even with the best of intentions and the basics of knowledge, he always manages to screw things up.  We must wonder, as he leaves the village in shame, what he’ll tackle next.
So he continues on through to another village, along with the faithful Romilayu, where the natives aren’t quite so friendly.  Tipped off by a tribesman they meet on the way, the villagers armed with old guns, ambush the two travelers. 
A dozen guns massed at you is bad business, and therefore I dropped my .375 and raised my hands.  Yet I was pleased just the same, due to my military temperament.  Also that leathery small man had sent us into an ambush and for some reason this elementary cunning gave me satisfaction, too.  There are some things the human soul doesn’t need to be tutored in.  (p. 114)
Here is where Bellow gives us some indication that this whole thing is bigger than Henderson, and that he is not alone in his belief that he is laden with flaws.  "There are some things the human soul doesn’t need to be tutored in."  So, like Blake, and many others, Bellow has Henderson believing that human nature is basically evil, its goodness being something that is learned.  Maybe that’s why I relate so well to Bellow’s main character.
That, and the fact that this sequence made me recall the summer I didn’t get to clean the pool early enough to prevent thousands, tens of thousands, of tree frogs from hatching and taking over the pool, its surface completely rippling with life, a good solid foot down through the water.  What did I do?  Don’t ask.
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LITERATURE: Confessions – Anticipation

Oh yeah, oh yeah, I really can’t wait to read what this guy Augustine has to say after this in the intro:

Augustine came to find his own mother Monica possessed of great wisdom, but she spoke in a demotic syntax.  In short, although he knew that well-educated and cultured women existed, yet they were the far side of the horizon.  He himself never had one among his own circle of friends.  So he felt sure that ‘if God had wanted Adam to have a partner in scintillating conversation he would have created another man; the fact that God created a woman showed that he had in mind the survival of the human race.’  (p. xviii)

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LITERATURE: Henderson The Rain King – Character

The confusing thing is that I always have some real basic motivation, and how I go so wrong, I can never understand.  (p. 92)

Bellow gives us insight into his protagonist via the first person pov (Henderson), though this is a self-image and the reader must assimilate it with his own opinions based on what the character relates as his actions, both from the past (colored by the character’s own memory–if this is conforming to the realistic world) and his current situation.  Henderson is being hard on himself, and yet he is no better or worse than most of the human race.

That’s called developing empathy, and Bellow has indeed achieved this element of writing.

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LITERATURE: Henderson The Rain King – Theme of Every Man

Henderson is such a goof–as are we all.  Goofballs down to the core of our souls.

"She say," Itelo translated carefully, "world is strange to a child.  You not a child, sir?"

"Oh, how wonderful she is," I said.  "True, all too true.  I have never been at home in life.  All my decay has taken place upon a child."  I clasped my hands, and staring at the ground I started to reflect with this inspiration.  And when it comes to reflection I am like the third man in a relay race. I can hardly wait to get the baton, but when I do get it I rarely take off in the necessary direction."  (p. 83)

Why do we do it?  Why do we grasp at straws and turn them into I-beams?  Henderson is so anxious to find what he is seeking–and to find out what that is–that he has pronounced this village queen, Willatale, to be a woman of mysterious wisdom who will be capable of handing him all the answers he seeks.  He is now doubly anxious to save these people from the plague of frogs in their water cistern, and as he mentioned, as Moses saved the Egyptians.  Henderson, in his self-deprecating manner, feels that he is unworthy and must do something for others to become of value to himself and be deserving of the love he receives from his family. 

Is it a fact that no matter how well situated we become in life, however we feel about ourselves and our world, whatever our religion and politics, there comes a time that like Henderson we question it all and our place within it?  Do we, like Henderson, wonder if we are out of place in society–who in general seems to flow through its daily business despite great events, joy or grief–and have the nose-pressed-to-the-window feeling?  Not a feeling of envy at not belonging, but of wanting to understand what draws the border between us? 

I have; haven’t you?

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REALITY?: In Pursuit of Knowledge

Or even simple comprehension of the things that have been taken as fact.  Strange, that to access proven theories we must base it on belief that the proven theory or fact is true.  What then, when it comes to religion?

Here is where hypertext would be helpful, although the good old fashioned way of looking it up yourself has for the most part been made almost as easy by putting aside the material form of the text (a book) and picking up the laptop and typing in "Manichees" in the search box of the Wikipedia site.  So I come to find out that Manichaeism is one of the biggies, widespread and enduring.  How come I’ve never heard of it before? 

I came across it here, in Confessions, before I’ve even gotten to the beginning, but rather found this in the introduction:

The religion of Mani’s followers, called in Latin Manichaei, Manichees, expressed disgust at the physical world and especially at the human reproductive system.  Procreation imprisoned divine souls in matter, which is inherently hostile to goodness and light.  Manichees had a vegetarian diet, and forbade wine.  There were two classes, Elect who were strictly obliged to be celibate, and Hearers allowed wives or concubines as long as they avoided procreating children whether by contraceptives or by confining intercourse to the ‘safe’ period of the monthly cycle.  (p. xiv)

The first huh? was of course the context, the second being the fact that if Augustine spent nearly a decade following the precepts of this religion, then I should do the research.  The first point was to comprehend how a religion that pretty much forbade procreation could endure many centuries. 

While I can easily understand without necessarily agreeing to the idea of the above excerpt, at least up to the point of reproduction, it just opens up so many questions as to how it would influence the rest of a believer’s thinking.  It would seem that the religion introduces a concept not of helping mankind as a whole, but rather to focus on one’s individual soul to body relationship.  Yet there is history behind the prophet Mani’s travels to bring the word of his own gospel–revelations and secrets demystified–to the known world.  And folks signed up! 

But back to the research and believing what you read and how complex that trail becomes:  between Wikipedia and this essay I found from Harvard, there is no obvious (easily quick-read and found, and I’m halfway through it) reference to the prohibition of reproduction efforts.  So what now: do I just skip over that question and figure maybe Augustine will answer the question in his text or do I search the links further to discover some truth by myself?

And what if I do?  Is it to be taken as any more truth than the paragraph (by Henry Chadwick, Oxford World’s Classics) above?

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REALITY?: Purpose

I do try to keep my deepest ponderings to myself since those that leak out through my fingertips seem to stifle, startle, perhaps offend.

For the last few years the idea of living and life, dying and death, mankind in general and mankind in its individual diversity–this and more–has been taking up much thinking time. Too much that demands an opinion demands seven rooms of research to allow for as thorough a knowledge as possible.  That’s why I laugh at those who laugh at those who believe in God.  How involved have they gotten into the theory of evolution, really?  I’m certain that many have taken for fact what they’ve read in the issues of TIME or various articles with PhD in the credits and that’s about it.  Well, me too; I trust to a certain degree that these things have been pretty well proven, but then as with all science, sometimes a new quirk shows up that throws the whole thing out of balance.  Fortunately not so with religion; nothing proven/nothing disproven and so it ever shall be. 

But it’s far, far easier to accept a new precept–especially with evidentiary value–than to toss decades of an unproven God out the window. It’s a more personal thing–or maybe so with the Christian religion, in particular, Catholicism.  If you want to pooh-pooh scientific theory, who’s there to know you secretly think it’s a crock?  I’ve always questioned God and I’ve always questioned evolution.  I mean, if there is a God, why doesn’t he…..?  If man evolved from ape, then why do apes still exist?  Shouldn’t another branch of them learned at least to talk by now, if not invent the jet plane or at least "ape" us in making one?  But I kind of keep these ideas to myself ’cause they sound dopey–though I did find a link this morning about the ape thing, though on a much higher level than my simple query.  And chimps that can be taught to type don’t count.

So in each path of thought there is relevance and degrees to which what you believe influences how you behave toward others, towards the idea of mortality, towards grabbing the last cream-filled cupcake.

So much to think about.   

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REALITY?: I want, I want

What? World peace?  Get real.

Peace, honesty, interdependence as well as independence, justice.  Yeah, justice.  A man stopped by my shop today and told me of his ongoing four-year battle over his father’s estate.  His dad was a customer of mine for twenty years, a wonderful, intelligent gentleman from the old country who’d been through much to come here after the war and bring his family with him.  He’d built a business, he was an architechtural engineer, loved to collect contemporary art.  Eighty years old and he nursed his wife through her final fight with cancer. Was diagnosed with a brain tumor, went into remission, remarried, fell ill again and lost the battle.  His new wife, a true gold-digger, and now his son has a legal fight much, much worse than mine.  Unbelievable what people can do to each other.

Watched a brief documentary over last weekend on Rwanda.  Genocide. Neighbors killing neighbors? With machetes? Men, women, children, lying dead in the streets.  Everywhere. Unbelievable what people can do to each other.  Darfur?  Again?  Unbelievable.

Adolf Hitler.  Sadam Hussein.  Neighbors, family… 

I want, I want…to understand. 

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LITERATURE: Henderson The Rain King – Theme

Before I go much further with the reading, there’s something to this novel that for some reason I can’t seem to put into words.

The story of Eugene Henderson, a self-proclaimed millionaire of about fifty-plus, is seeking something and while he’s at a loss to understand exactly what it is, the reader can come up with many different ideas.  This theme of inner conflict aroused by desire is typical novel fare, yet this is more than mid-life crisis or boredom borne of wealth.  Many readers likely could not deal with this character and might write him off as self-centered and spoiled.  Henderson is much deeper than that though, representing clearly that voice within all of us that spurs us on to look further for…well…something.

Now I have already mentioned that there was a disturbance in my heart, a voice that spoke there and said, I want, I want, I want!  It happened every afternoon, and when I tried to suppress it it got even stronger.  It only said one thing, I want, I want!

And I would ask, "What do you want?"

But this was all it would ever tell me.  It never said a thing except I want I want, I want!  (p. 29)

Maybe we’re born with it, maybe that’s what we scream as toddlers, murmur to ourselves as young adults, try to ignore as responsible and mature individuals, miss terribly as the elderly. We’ve all done it (I think…): had a miserably frustrating day and sat out on the back steps and said it aloud: "I want…" and the rest of the sentence hangs there.

So Eugene Henderson has the money to go to Africa.  All this is is a step beyond the normal realm of our individual comfort zone and for the well-traveled Henderson, Africa is virgin territory.  For me, it might be that cabin in the woods, or a freefall from a plane.  It’s testing the water, tasting it and hoping for some sudden lightning bolt of realization.  Even what is sought is looked for not only in different territory and different ways, but since the discovery of what is just as important as where or how, anything goes.  And anything disappoints.

I was very upset, but what upset me was not his expression, which soon changed for the better; it was, among other things, the fact hat he spoke to me in English.  I don’t know why I should have been so surprised–disappointed is the word.  It’s the great imperial language of today, taking its turn after Greek and Latin and so on.  (p. 55)

For Henderson, excited and thrilled at finding a village of people so different from himself, so emotional and as they cry for a sacred cow he believes that he’ll be able to save them, help them.  He comes so close to thinking that he’s discovered his purpose, his want, that when one of them suddenly speaks to him in English it hits him like a dead end.  This wasn’t it.

The beginning of the book sets up Henderson’s story of his life up to that point, focusing on his two wives in particular.  For me, coming off of Updike’s Rabbit, Run, it was too familiar to initiate a posting, carrying me further into the book and the character led by Bellow’s carrot of Africa.  It was a necessary history, of course, but it appears that Henderson’s journey will be much more interesting and telling.

Again, here we must look beyond the circumstances of the character to find the spot where we are him, and he is us.  That’s where the real story lies. 

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